Histone H4K12ac

Histone H4 is one of the core components of nucleosomes. The nucleosome is the smallest subunit of chromatin and consists of 147 DNA base pairs wrapped around the core histone octamer (histone H2A, histone H2B, histone H3, and histone H4). Histone H1 is a linking histone that exists at the interface between the nucleosome core and DNA entry/exit points; it is responsible for building higher-order chromatin structures. Chromatin undergoes a variety of chemical modifications, including post-translational modifications of histones and methylation of cytosine residues in DNA. The reported histone modifications include acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, ADP-ribosylation, carbonylation and SUMOylation; they play a major role in regulating gene expression.